Charles-Cesar Marin, sieur de Lamassuere en de LaMargue:
(1660's - 1713)
He was the son of Jacques Marin & Helene
Gorel/Sorel, born in France. Charles-Cesar was married first to Marie-Madeleine
Niquet (m.1691)(daughter of Pierre-Rene Monty-Niquet & Francoise Lemoine)
and later to Marie-Louise Lamy (m.1703)(daughter of Isaac Lamy & Madeleine
de Chevrainville). His children were Paul (1692-1753), Catherine-Marguerite
(1696-1747)(m.Francois-Michel Renou in 1713), Louis-Hector (1697-?)(m.Madeleine
Barrois in 1739), Marie-Michelle (1712-?),
Marie-Gertrude (1701-?), Marie-Louise (1704-?)(m.Louis Prudhomme
in 1728), Claude (1705-1758), Jean-Marie (1708-1715), Marie-Francoise
(1710-1725) & Charlotte (1713-?)(m. Pierre-Jean Hervieux in
1739).
Paul (Pierre-Paul) Marin, sieur de LaMalgue en de la Margue:
(1692 - 1753)
He was the son of Charles-Cesar Marin &
Marie-Madeleine Niquet, born in Montreal. Pierre-Paul married Marie-Josephte
Guyon-Dupres (m.1718)(daughter of Joseph Guyon-Dupres
& Madeleine Petit) and their children were Joseph (1719-1773),
Marie-Josephe (1726-?), Pierre (1727-?), Marie-Madeleine
(1729-?)(m.Francois Coulon) & Geneveva
(1732-?).
In July of 1729, Paul he hired Antoine Baron,
Louis Belech, Jean Bte.Belech, Francois de Salle Fauche, Louis Donnay &
Joseph Etienne Durivage for Green Bay & Michilimackinac, in partnership
with Louis Hamelin. He along with Hamelin's wife
(Catherine Neveu - representing her husband) recognized a debt to Alexis
Lemonine Moniere (before a notary) for funds used for the purpose of trading
at the "poste des Folles Avoines" (Menomonee).
Paul arrived in an area that had been the
center of at least a century of tribal disputes. Some time before
European contact on the western shores of Lake Michigan the Algonquin
and Siouan Cultures collided in the region west of Lake Michigan
the effects of which were still being felt at the time of Marin's
arrival. By the late 1720's the Siouan
populations in the region had been greatly reduced and for decades
the area saw land disputes between the related Algonquin tribes. The Algonquin
tribe usually at the center of these disputes was the Fox
Nation. Soon after his arrival Marin was present at a council in which
many of the Fox's tribal neighbors convinced Jean
Guyon Dubuisson (French military Commander at La Baye & Uncle of
Marin's wife) the need for exterminating the Fox Tribe. Economically the
French had suffered decades of tolls paid to that Tribe for using
the main trade route (the Fox & Wisconsin River route) to the west,
which passed through Fox lands. A force (of about 600 allied warriors &
French) was organized in early 1730 and in March headed west from La Baye
for Fox lands. The combined surprise attack from the river & land dislodged
the Fox from Butte des Morts scattering the remnants of the Tribe. Later
Fox refugees were attacked
in Illinois Country (Aug./Sep.of 1730) & about 20 miles above the
mouth of the Wisconsin River (winter of 1730/31) by Marin's forces. Survivors
of this campaign either became slaves of the conquerors or fled west of
the Mississippi River seeking sanctuary with their former Siouan neighboring
Tribes (some later returned to live with the Sauk near La Baye).
Marin's association with Hamelin apparently
carried over into the next year, when they hire Jean Bte.Jubinville &
Francois Provanche for "pays d'En hault" in June & July. In 1731/32,
Marin's partnership with Hamelin appears to have dissolved (Hamelin is
associated with Pierre Gautier, sieur de la Verendrye) and in June of 1732,
Paul recognizes a debt to the Moniere's, Ignace Gamelin Jr. & Company
after hiring Claude Bignet, Simon Picine, Francois Perrot, Pierre Perrot,
Rene Cadet & Etienne Belemare in May for Michilimackinac & "le
voyage dans le Nord". This same year Paul's brother-in-law, Jean Bte.Hervieux,
sent Rene Messier to "le poste des Scioux"
and the following year another brother-in-law, Francois
Guion Derbanne Deprez, is sending Charles Leduc
to "le poste des Sioux".
Trading becomes difficult in the region to
the south & west of the Great Lakes due to a Smallpox epidemic &
the Fox Nations attempts to establish an alliance (the Kiala Confederation)
against the French, ending in a battle near Green Bay (1733) in which the
commander (Nicolas Coulon, sieur de Villiers)
is killed and the Sauk Tribes fleeing to the west of the Mississippi. The
Dakota during the next few years must have felt an increasing presser on
their borders with the Cree convincing the Ojibwe to break the relatively
long peace treaty with the Dakota and joining them on raids into Dakota
territory from the north & east, coupled with the Fox & Sauk refugees
now pressing them from the south. They finally denied the refugees sanctuary
& began a threatening posture toward the French, likely blaming them
for their neighbors advancements. In May of 1737 the French trade withdraws
from Dakota lands, setting fire to Fort Beauharnois behind them.
In 1737, Winimac, a Potawatomi Chief led a
delegation of allied Nations to Montreal to ask the French Governor Beauharnois
to allow for peace with the remaining Fox/Sauk refugees who they had aided
the French in removing from the east side of the Mississippi. Beauharnois
agreed and by late in the summer of 1738, Paul Marin is hiring Jacques
Migneron, Jean Gette, Francois Janis, Antoine Morel & Jean (a "Panis
de nation, dit Tarascon) for trade with "des Sakis et Renards". Paul seams
to be a dominant trader at Green Bay during this period, trading with the
refugee villages, near the mouth of the Wisconsin River
In an effort to reestablish peace in the region
again, LaRonde (the French commander of the Lapointe post on Lake Superior)
reprimands the Ojibwe for an attack on the Dakota village at Mille Lacs
& Marin escorts representatives of the Fox, Sauk, Winnebago, Ottawa,
Menomenee & Dakota Nations (Dakota Chiefs Wabasha & Sinex) to a
council held at Montreal with Gov.Beauharnois in June of 1740. In January
of 1741, while Marin is holding a council with with the Dakota at the mouth
of the Wisconsin River, Sieur L'Ecuyer arrives from the north with new
of a large scale attack by the Ojibwe in which at large number of Dakota
are killed. Marin again accompanies representatives of the Sauk, Fox, Menominee,
Ojibwe, Winnebago & Dakota (Dakota Chiefs Sacred Born & Leaf Shooter)
to Montreal for another peace council, held in Montreal by Gov.Beauharnois
in July of 1742.
The system of issuing trade licenses was discontinued
and trade monopolies at the western posts were auctioned off to the highest
bidder. The monopoly at Green Bay was sold to Joseph Fleury, sieur de Lagorgendiere
(Fleury was Joseph Marin's father-in-law) and for an unknown reason Marin
sailed for France where he was in 1743. The next year the King George's
War erupts and in 1745, Paul was sent from Quebec to attack the British
at Fort Anne (Nova Scotia) commanding 240 militia & Indians.
While Marin was absent from the Upper Mississippi
many changes had occurred west of the Green Bay Post. While the commander
there, Paul d'Azemard, sieur de Lusignan, continued
to have limited success in obtaining peace in the area until he was replaced
in 1746, the next few years followed with drastic changes in French policy.
The retiring Governor Beauharnois maintained the tradition policies toward
the western native nations of "covering & raising the dead" of
important tribal figures and with tragic incidences in the west a policy
of "surrender & forgiveness" was employed. With the new governor &
intendent (in 1748) came a new policy of humiliation of visiting Chiefs
and demands of death to "his errant children". About 1748 the Sioux at
Leech Lake sent out three large unsuccessful war parties against their
neighbors to the north, east & west in an attempt to relief the pressure
and regain lost land (by 1748 the Eastern Dakota or the Sioux of the Lakes
had probably already retreated south). As Paul arrives back in the Upper
Mississippi in 1749 with the command of the Dakota trade he finds the tribes
about Detroit dissatisfied with the French (many begin to trade with the
British) and his son placed as commander of the Ojibwe trade on the south
shore of Lake Superior. By the spring of 1750, Paul was mentioned
in Gov.La Jonquiere's orders to Jacques Legardeur,
as "...Commandant at Green Bay and among the Sioux...I think that the surest
way to find the Western Sea would be to go to the source of the Missouri...I
have given orders to Sieur Marin to follow this route...". Paul Marin established
Fort Presque Isle (Lake Erie) and Fort Le Bouef (Waterford, Pennsylvania)
in 1753, to help his mission of securing the Ohio Valley for France. Driving
his large force of 1600 men in the summer & fall of that year he sustained
casualties of half his force either through death or illness.
Claude Marin, sieur de la Perriere: (1705 - 1758)
He was the son of Charles-Cesar Marin & Marie-Louise
Lamy, born in Montreal. He married Madeleine Coulon de Villiers (daughter
of Nicolas Coulon de Villiers & Angelique)
at Montreal in 1737 (she later married Damours,
sieur Clignancourt). Claude was a dominant trader out of Michilimackinac
& "poste de Michipicoton",
Joseph
Marin de St.Martin en de la Marque (Marin, 'fils'): (1719 -
1773)
He was the son of Paul Marin & Marie-Josephte
Guyon-Dupres baptized at Montreal. He married Charlotte-Ursule Fleury (daughter
of Joseph Fleury Lagorgendiere & Claire Joliet) at Quebec City in 1745.
In the winter of 1744/45 he was sent with
his father and about 300 troops to attack Annapolis Royal in Acadia and
remained in Acadia until 1748. From 1749 to 51 Joseph commanded Chagouamigon
and then relieved his father in command at Green Bay in 1752. He wrote
a journal while in Wisconsin country which starts on August, 7, 1753 and
continues through June 20, 1754 [the journal is at the Henry E.Huntington
Library & Art Gallery in San Marino, California]. After 1754 Joseph
returned east and was involved in skirmishes with the British on the New
York frontier (many with Rogers Rangers). Montcalm in a description of
Marin wrote "...he was unwilling to amuse himself with prisoners; he brought
in only one and 32 scalps". In 1759 Joseph was captured by the British
& sent to England then later returned to France where he later was
awarded the Cross of St.Louis in 1761. He and his son were with a force
sent to fight in Madagascar in 1773 where they both died of the fever.
The following genealogical file is WinZip-ed;
To view/download file, click on file and UnZip in the Lotus 1-2-3 release
5 format.
marin.zip
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